DNA作为细胞生命活动最重要的遗传物质,保持其分子结构的完整性和稳定性对于细胞的存活和正常生理功能的发挥具有重要意义。紫外线(UV)照射可以造成细胞内的DNA损伤,细胞激活一系列的保护措施去修复DNA损伤。如果DNA损伤不及时修复,就会造成DNA突变、基因表达异常、细胞周期受阻等,引起细胞凋亡或癌变。共济失调毛细血管扩张突变基因Rad3相关蛋白(ATR)作为细胞内重要的激酶,对于由紫外线引起的细胞损伤应答起重要的作用。ATR通过调控核苷酸切除修复,激活细胞周期检测点和激活细胞凋亡等方式参与紫外线损伤应答,维护基因组稳定性。作者对ATR激酶在紫外线损伤应答中作用的研究进展作一综述。

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