PB1-F2蛋白是甲型流感病毒表达的第11类蛋白,含有87~90个氨基酸残基,主要定位在线粒体中,可以诱导宿主细胞线粒体途径的细胞凋亡。部分流感病毒毒株的PB1-F2蛋白可以提高流感病毒聚合酶活性,从而促进病毒在宿主细胞中复制。同时完整的PB1-F2蛋白上存在特异的抗原表位,能诱导宿主体内免疫T细胞的表达,引起其免疫水平的改变,这与二次细菌感染引发的肺损伤具有显著关联。甲型流感病毒有多种亚型,而且存在地区间差异。国内、外在关于PB1-F2蛋白的作用机制与功能方面的研究大多针对一个地区的一种亚型的流感病毒毒株,且很多都是建立在假设的基础上,因此,对于PB1-F2蛋白的作用机制及其对宿主的影响有待于开展进一步的研究。作者就甲型流感病毒PB1-F2蛋白的功能学研究进展作一综述。

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