锥形束CT在上颌阻生前牙病因研究中的应用-东南大学学报医学版

锥形束CT在上颌阻生前牙病因研究中的应用

单位：1. 南京医科大学口腔研究江苏省重点实验室, 南京医科大学附属口腔医院正畸科, 江苏南京 210029;
2. 东南大学附属中大医院口腔科, 江苏南京 210009

分类号：R783.5

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2016·35·第六期（841-847）

摘要：

目的：探讨上颌切牙阻生与上颌尖牙阻生是否存在共同的危险因素。方法：选取295例上颌阻生尖牙或阻生切牙患者为实验组，295例年龄性别相匹配的无上颌阻生牙患者为对照组，治疗前患者均接受锥形束CT（CBCT）扫描。在单盲条件下对所有的CBCT数据进行测量，获得定性数据[阻生牙和（或）多生牙存在与否]和定量数据（颌骨和牙弓宽度）。分析比较上颌切牙和尖牙同时阻生组（IBIC）、仅上颌尖牙阻生组（OBIC）与仅上颌切牙阻生组（Ⅱ）和对照组（CC）各个指标的差异。结果：仅Ⅱ组的多生牙患病率显著高于CC组（P=0.003），OBIC组的上颌前磨牙间宽度（IP1）和上颌骨性宽度（J-J）显著性小于CC组（P<0.01），Ⅱ组中无多生牙患者的IP1也显著小于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：上颌前部骨性宽度不足是上颌唇侧阻生尖牙患者和上颌切牙阻生且无多生牙患者的共同危险因素。

Objective: To determine whether buccal maxillary canine and incisor impaction were associated and shared common etiological factors. Methods: Pre-treatment cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) scans of 295 subjects with maxillary canine or incisor impaction and 295 age-and sex-matched control subjects were collected in this study. All CBCT data were measured for categorical(presence of impaction and/or supernumerary teeth) and quantitative parameters(skeletal and arch width) by a blinded rater. The measurements of subjects with both incisor and canine impaction(IBIC), with only buccal canine impaction(OBIC), and with only incisor impaction(Ⅱ) were compared to the control group(CC). Results: Only the Ⅱ group had a higher prevalence of supernumerary teeth than the control group(P=0.003). Maxillary interpremolar width(IP1) and maxillary skeletal width(J-J) in the OBIC group were significantly smaller than those of the control group(P<0.01). IP1 measurements in subjects with incisor impaction but without supernumerary teeth were also significantly smaller than that of the CC group(P<0.05). Conclusion: Maxillary incisor impaction in those subjects without supernumerary teeth may be caused by anterior skeletal deficiency, a risk factor that may also cause buccal canine impaction.

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