目的：探讨降钙素原（PCT）对慢性肾脏病（CKD）5期患者感染的预测价值。方法：将苏州大学附属第三医院肾脏科住院的373例CKD 5期患者分为非感染组、局部感染组和脓毒症组，另选择75例健康成人作为对照组，比较各组临床特点和炎症指标。结果：在CKD 5期，基线PCT、中性粒细胞比例明显高于对照组（均P<0.001）。白细胞计数（WBC）和中性粒细胞比例无法预测局部感染（均P>0.05），PCT和C-反应蛋白（CRP）预测局部感染的ROC曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0.715、0.780，均P<0.05。CRP和WBC无法预测脓毒症（均P>0.05）；PCT和中性粒细胞比例预测脓毒症的AUC分别为0.823、0.683，均P<0.05。结论：CKD 5期患者的PCT和中性粒细胞比例水平明显升高；PCT预测局部感染的价值不如CRP，而预测脓毒症价值最优。

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