目的：分析新生儿白塞病的临床特征，为临床诊疗提供参考依据。方法：结合复旦大学附属儿科医院诊断的1例新生儿起病白塞病病例，通过检索国内外医学文献数据库，对2020年5月31日之前发表的关于新生儿起病的白塞病的临床病例报告进行分析。结果：共收集病例12例，其中男7例（58.3%），女5例（41.7%）；多于生后2周内起病；新生儿期最主要临床特征为口腔或生殖器溃疡（含肛周溃疡）。8例（66.7%）母亲有白塞病病史，临床症状轻且均出现在新生儿期，预后良好；4例（33.3%）无白塞病家族史患儿随访期间疾病均反复发作。我国3例患儿母亲均无白塞病史。结论：家族史与临床症状有助于尽早识别新生儿白塞病，遗传背景可能影响新生儿白塞病临床表型及预后，新生儿白塞病需长期随访，警惕高危并发症的发生。

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