泰州市姜堰区艾滋病流行特征分析-东南大学学报医学版

泰州市姜堰区艾滋病流行特征分析

单位：1. 泰州市姜堰区疾病预防控制中心, 江苏泰州 225500;
2. 江苏省疾病预防控制中心, 江苏南京 210009

分类号：R512.91

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2021·40·第五期（573-577）

摘要：

目的：分析泰州市姜堰区艾滋病的流行特征及规律，探讨相应的防治对策。方法：结合艾滋病防治基本信息系统和Excel数据库对姜堰区2001-2020年报告的HIV/AIDS病例进行统计分析。结果：姜堰区累计发现HIV/AIDS 220例，死亡27例，发病率呈逐年增长趋势（χ²=101.43，P<0.01），人群感染率为3.18/万。男性高于女性，男女比为5.29：1；已婚占72.8%；农民占50.91%；50岁及以上老年HIV/AIDS病例从2008年的16.5%上升至2020年的36.82%；样本来源于临床就诊者占30.91%；性接触传播为主要传播途径占97.7%。3年行动计划期间检测覆盖率逐年增加，阳性检出率由2006-2010年期间的0.013%上升到0.033%。首次CD4细胞检测220例，CD4细胞计数中位数为336 μl^-1，其中<200 μl^-1者占27.3%，<350 μl^-1者占51.4%；晚发现率为27.3%。结论：姜堰区艾滋病疫情总体上仍处于低流行状态，但新发现数基本以年增长20%左右的速度递增，男男同性性传播比例上升明显。为有效控制艾滋病的传播，须加强宣传教育，开展重点人群艾滋病监测和自愿咨询检测服务，加强对男男同性恋等高危人群综合性干预，加大防治力度，遏制疫情进一步蔓延。

Objective: To analyze the epidemic characteristics and rules of AIDS in Jiangyan District and to explore the corresponding prevention and control countermeasures. Methods: Statistical analysis was performed on the HIV/AIDS cases reported in Jiangyan District from 2001 to 2020 based on the Basic Information System for AIDS Prevention and Control and the Excel database. Results: A total of 220 HIV/AIDS cases and 27 deaths were found in Jiangyan District. The incidence rate was increasing year by year(χ²=101.43,P<0.01), and the population infection rate was 3.18 per 10,000. Males were more than females, with a gender ratio of 5.29:1. Married people accounted for 72.8%, farmers accounted for 50.91%, and the number of HIV/AIDS cases in the elderly aged 50 and older increased from 16.5% in 2008 to 36.82% in 2020. 30.91% of the samples came from clinical patients, and 97.7% of them were transmitted through sex. During the three-year action plan, the detection coverage rate had increased year by year, and the positive detection rate had risen from 0.013% to 0.033% during 2006-2010 periods. 220 cases of CD4 cells were detected for the first time, with a median of 336 μl^-1, of which<200 μl^-1 accounted for 27.3%,<350 μl^-1 accounted for 51.4%, and the late detection rate was 27.3%. Conclusions: AIDS in Jiangyan District is still in a low-prevalence state overall. However, the number of new discoveries has increased at an annual rate of about 20% basically. The proportion of male-to-male sexual transmission has increased significantly. In order to control the spread of AIDS effectively, it is necessary to strengthen publicity and education. AIDS surveillance,voluntary counseling and testing services should be carried out among targeted populations. We will strengthen comprehensive intervention in high-risk groups such as gay men, increase prevention and control, and curb the further spread of the epidemic.

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