张家口市2018—2024年常住居民心脑血管事件发病和死亡情况分析-东南大学学报医学版

张家口市2018—2024年常住居民心脑血管事件发病和死亡情况分析

单位：张家口市疾病预防控制中心(市卫生监督所) 慢性非传染性疾病控制科, 河北张家口 075000

分类号：R195.4

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2025·44·第五期（725-731）

摘要：

目的:分析张家口市2018—2024年常住居民心脑血管事件发病和死亡情况。方法:根据2018—2024年张家口市心脑血管事件监测数据和人口死亡信息登记系统中的死亡数据,分析心脑血管事件发病和死亡情况。结果:2018—2024年张家口市心脑血管事件年均发病率为364.45/10万,年均标化发病率为360.35/10万,其中心血管事件年均标化发病率为78.79/10万,脑血管事件年均标化发病率为281.56/10万,脑血管事件年均标化发病率为心血管事件年均标化发病率的3.57倍。2018—2024年张家口市男性、女性人口比例为1.02∶1,男性心脑血管事件年均发病率(405.42/10万)高于女性(322.81/10万)(χ²=191.661,P＜0.001)。随着年龄的增长,张家口市常住居民心、脑血管事件发病率均逐渐升高,≥80岁居民心脑血管发病率达1 646.57/10万。2018—2024年张家口市心脑血管事件死亡率总体呈降低趋势,年均死亡率为184.15/10万,年均标化死亡率为180.86/10万,且脑血管事件死亡率明显高于心血管事件。男性心脑血管事件年均死亡率(189.67/10万)高于女性(176.02/10万)(χ²=5.228,P=0.022)。随着年龄的增加,心脑血管事件死亡率显著增加,≥80岁年龄段人群心脑血管事件死亡率最高(1 946.65/10万)。结论:张家口市心脑血管事件发病率处于较高水平,以脑卒中占比最高,死亡率近年来呈下降趋势,但仍处于较高水平,应大力进行健康教育,加强居民健康管理,尤其是60岁及以上人群。

Objective: To analyze the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events among permanent residents in Zhangjiakou City from 2018 to 2024. Methods: Based on the monitoring data of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in Zhangjiakou City from 2018 to 2024 and the death data in the population death information registration system, the incidence and death of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events were analyzed. Results: From 2018 to 2024, the annual average incidence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in Zhangjiakou City was 364.45/100 000, and the annual average standardized incidence rate was 360.35/100 000, of which the annual average standardized incidence rate of cardiovascular events was 78.79/100 000, the annual average standardized incidence rate of cerebrovascular events was 281.56/100 000, and the annual average standardized incidence rate of cerebrovascular events was 3.57 times that of cardiovascular events. From 2018 to 2024, the proportion of male and female in Zhangjiakou City was 1.02∶1, and the annual average incidence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in male(405.42/100 000) was higher than that in female(322.81/100 000)(χ²=191.661, P<0.001). With the increase of age, the incidence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events among the permanent residents in Zhangjiakou City gradually increased, and the incidence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events among residents aged≥80 years reached 1 646.57/100 000. From 2018 to 2024, the mortality rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in Zhangjiakou City showed an overall decreasing trend, with an annual average mortality rate of 184.15/100 000 and an average standardized mortality rate of 180.86/100 000, and the mortality rate of cerebrovascular events was prominently higher than that of cardiovascular events. The annual average mortality rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in male(189.67/100 000) was higher than that in female(176.02/100 000)(χ²=5.228, P=0.022). As age increased, the mortality rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events prominently increased, with the highest mortality rate in the age group of ≥80 years old(1 946.65/100 000). Conclusion: The incidence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in Zhangjiakou City is at a high level, with stroke accounting for the highest proportion. The mortality rate has declined in recent years, but it is still at a high level. Health education should be vigorously carried out and health management should be strengthened, especially for people aged 60 and above.

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