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| 家庭结构与大学生情绪障碍之间的关系:一项基于江苏高校的横断面研究 |
| 作者：张钏沨1 叶心恬2 张素琴3 王福如1 杜国平4 |
| 单位：1. 江苏省疾病预防控制中心 医防协同管理办公室, 江苏 南京 210009; 2. 东南大学 医学院, 江苏 南京 210009; 3. 江苏师范大学医院, 江苏 徐州 221116; 4. 东南大学医院 全科医学科, 江苏 南京 210018 |
| 关键词：家庭结构 大学生 情绪障碍 横断面研究 |
| 分类号：R395 |
| 出版年·卷·期（页码）：2026·45·第三期（417-424） |
| 摘要： |
目的: 系统探讨不同家庭结构(核心、单亲、再婚、双亲缺失)对中国大学生抑郁与焦虑情绪障碍的风险影响。方法: 采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,对江苏省22 711名大学生进行问卷调查,使用抑郁自评量表(SDS)与焦虑自评量表(SAS)对学生的心理状态进行评估,并基于有向无环图(DAG)科学识别和控制混杂因素,通过多因素Logistic回归矫正混杂因素后分析家庭结构对大学生情绪障碍的独立影响。结果: 本研究共纳入22 711名大学生,其中核心家庭占88.1%。结果显示,非核心家庭(单亲、再婚、双亲缺失)大学生的抑郁与焦虑量表得分及症状阳性率均显著高于核心家庭(P<0.001)。经DAG识别并校正混杂因素后,多因素Logistic回归分析表明,与核心家庭相比,单亲、再婚及双亲缺失家庭发生抑郁的aOR分别为1.351、1.327和1.526,发生焦虑的aOR分别为1.490、1.532和2.000(P<0.05)。结论: 非核心家庭结构是大学生情绪障碍的独立风险因素,本研究为高校开展面向特定家庭背景学生的精准心理干预提供了重要实证依据。 |
Objective: To systematically investigate the impact of different family structures(nuclear, single-parent, remarried, and parents-absent) on the risk of depression and anxiety among Chinese university students. Methods: A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was employed to survey 22 711 university students in Jiangsu Province, China. Psychological status was assessed using the Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS) and the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS). A directed acyclic graph(DAG) framework was applied to identify and control for potential confounding variables. Multivariable Logistic regression models were then used to estimate the independent effects of family structure on emotional disorders after adjustment for confounders. Results: Among the 22 711 participants, 88.1% were from nuclear families. Students from non-nuclear family structures(single-parent, remarried, and parents-absent) exhibited significantly higher SDS and SAS scores, as well as higher prevalence rates of depressive and anxiety symptoms, compared with those from nuclear families(P<0.001). After adjusting for confounders identified via DAG, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with nuclear families, the adjusted odds ratios(aOR) for depression were 1.351, 1.327, and 1.526 for single-parent, remarried, and parents-absent families, respectively. The corresponding aOR for anxiety were 1.490, 1.532, and 2.000, respectively(P<0.05). Conclusion: Non-nuclear family structures are independent risk factor for depression and anxiety among university students. These findings provide important empirical evidence to support the development of targeted psychological interventions for students from diverse family backgrounds in higher education settings. |
| 参考文献： |
[1] REPETTI R L,TAYLOR S E,SEEMAN T E.Risky families:Family social environments and the mental and physical health of offspring[J].Psychol Bull,2002,128(2):330-366. |
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